1. 25
2. 50
3. 100
4. 125
25
1. 200
2. 450
3. 600
4. 900
200
1. 0.5
2. 1.0
3. 5.0
4. 10.0
5.0
1. At the point of contact
2. On the common normal tangent at the point of contact
3. On the common tangent at the point of contact
4. At the centre of curvature of the stationary surface
On the common normal tangent at the point of contact
1. 0.63
2. 0.32
3. 1.26
4. 1.46
0.63
1. 8.17
2. 11.15
3. 14.14
4. 22.30
11.15
1. Fracture
2. Small deformation
3. Large deformation
4. Cracking
Large deformation
1. Austinite and ferrite
2. Ferrite and pearlite
3. Cementite and pearlite
4. Ferrite and martensite
Ferrite and pearlite
1. Higher hardness at the surface
2. Greater depth of hardening
3. Lower depth of hardening
4. Reduced soucking time
Greater depth of hardening
1. Pack carburizing
2. Induction hardening
3. Cold working
4. Nitriding
Cold working