1. J/m2 K
2. W/mK
3. W/m K sec
4. W/m2
W/mK
1. (M+m)F/m
2. MF/m
3. mF/M
4. mF/(M+m)
mF/(M+m)
1. Through unit thickness
2. When temperature difference of unity is maintained between opposite faces
3. When temperature gradient is unity
4. Across unit area when temperature gradient is unity
When temperature gradient is unity
1. Thermal performance
2. Economical material requirement
3. Cost of manufacturing
4. All of these
Thermal performance
1. (α+β/2)t
2. (α-β/2)t
3. (αβ/ α+β)t
4. (α+β/α-β)t
(αβ/ α+β)t
1. 1/U = (k1/x1) + (k2/x2) + (k3/x3)
2. U = (k1/x1) + (k2/x2) + (k3/x3)
3. 1/U = (x1/k1) + (x2/k2) + (x3/k3)
4. U = (x1/k1) + (x2/k2) + (x3/k3)
1/U = (x1/k1) + (x2/k2) + (x3/k3)
1. A (T1 – T3)/[(x1/k2) + (?x2/k1)]
2. A k1k2 (T1 – T3)/ (?x1 + ?x2)
3. (Ak1 + Ak2) (T1 – T3)/ (?x1 + ?x2)
4. (T1 – T3)/ [(?x1/Ak1) + (?x2/?k2)]
A (T1 – T3)/[(x1/k2) + (?x2/k1)]
1. 1 k/W
2. 2 k/W
3. 18 k/W
4. 15 k/W
1 k/W
1. 1: 2: 4
2. 1: 1/2: 1/4
3. 1/4: 1/2: 1
4. 1: 1: 1
1: 1/2: 1/4
1. 60 km/hr
2. 80 km/hr
3. 100 km/hr
4. 125 km/hr
100 km/hr