1.  both rod and coating melt simultaneously

2.  coating melts first and then rod melts

3.  which melts first depends on polarity used

1.  has high efficiency and low splatter

2.  uses less input current

3.  has low leakage loss

4.  protects the newly formed weld against atmosphere

1.  electrode holder is connected to the negative and work to positive.

3.  work is positive and holder is earthed

4.  holder is positive and work is earthed

1.  flux and slagging materials like titanium oxide and calcium fluoride

2.  stabilizers to prevent splattering

3.  titanium oxider or potassium compounds to increase the melting rate and ferro-maganese as a deoxidizer

1.  10000 C

2.  50000 C

3.  10,0000 C

1.  a.c.welding set

2.  rectifier

3.  motor generator

1.  ability to weld metals of great thickness in a single pass without calling for joint preparation

2.  high welding speed

3.  little distortion and good stress

4.  protection from conta-mination

1.  formation of large globules in an irregular pattern because of wandering of arc, leading to poor fusion with base metal

3.  arc extinction

4.  operator hazard

2.  excessive spatter, under cutting along edges, irregular deposits, wasted electrodes

3.  too small bead, weak and wasted electrodes

4.  excessive piling up of weld metal, overlapping without penetration of edges wasted electrodes

1.  butt

2.  scarf(inclined)

4.  all are equally strong