1. same in both cases
2. 2 times more
3. 3 times more
4. 4 times more
3 times more
1. electroplating
2. polishing
3. coating
4. shot peening
shot peening
1. ductile materials
2. brittle materials
3. equally serious in both cases
4. depends on other factors
brittle materials
1. ductile materials
2. brittle materials
3. equally serious in both cases
4. depends on other factors
ductile materials
1. dynamic loading
2. static loading
3. combined static and dynamic loading
4. completely reversed loading
completely reversed loading
1. cold working
2. shot peening
3. grinding and lapping surface
4. hot working
hot working
1. cold working
2. shot peening
3. surface decarburization
4. under-stressing
surface decarburization
1. metal strength by cycling
2. metal hardness by surface treatment
3. metal resistance to corrosion by coating
4. fatigue limit by over stressing the metal by successively increasing loading
fatigue limit by over stressing the metal by successively increasing loading
1. very serious in brittle materials and less serious in ductile materials
2. very serious in ductile materials and less serious in brittle materials
3. equally serious in both types of materials
4. seriousness would depend on other factors
very serious in brittle materials and less serious in ductile materials
1. very serious in brittle materials and less serious in ductile materials
2. very serious in ductile materials and less serious in brittle materials
3. equally serious in both types of materials
4. seriousness would depend on other factors
equally serious in both types of materials