1. rate of immigration, mortality rate, natality rate
2. rate of emigration, natality rate, mortality rate
3. mortality rate, natality rate, rate of immigration
4. rate of immigration, natality rate, mortality rate
rate of immigration, natality rate, mortality rate
1. social insects
2. camouflage
3. mullerian mimicry
4. warning colouration
camouflage
1. Interaction of water, air and clay under intense heat
2. Effect of solar radiation of chemicals
3. Possible origin of life by combination of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions
4. Crystallization of chemicals
Possible origin of life by combination of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions
1. Phyllium
2. Kallima paralect
3. Cryptoligthodes
4. Papilio machaon
Kallima paralect
1. Psammomere
2. Xerosere
3. Halosere
4. Hydrosere
Psammomere
1. No one is harmed
2. Both the partners are harmed
3. One partner is benefited whether another suffers
4. One partner is benefited and other remains unharmed
One partner is benefited whether another suffers
1. rN / dN = dt
2. dN / dt = rN
3. dt / dN = rN
4. dN / rN = dt
dN / dt = rN
1. a bi-modal likely to occur
2. a T-shaped curve
3. a skewed curve
4. a normal distribution
a normal distribution
1. Nodulation of Sesbania stems by N2 fixing bacteria
2. Plant growth stimulation by phosphate-solubilising bacteri
3. Cyanobacterial symbiosis with some aquatic ferns
4. Gall formation on certain angiosperms by Agrobacterium
Gall formation on certain angiosperms by Agrobacterium
1. A common species that has plenty of biomass, yet has a fairly low impact on the community's organization
2. A rare species that has minimal impact on the biomass and no other species in the community
3. A dominant species that consituties a large proportion of the biomass and which affects many other species
4. A species which makes only a small proportion of the total biomass of a community, yet has a hung impact on community's organisation and survival
A species which makes only a small proportion of the total biomass of a community, yet has a hung impact on community's organisation and survival