1.  linear

3.  irregular

4.  Inverted

2.  Closely related species growing in different habitats

3.  Distantly related species growing in the same niche

4.  Distantly related species growing in different habitats

1.  Desert

3.  Deciduous forest

4.  Coniferous forests

1.  Mesotherms

3.  Microtherms

4.  Megatherms

1.  Throughout the year

2.  Summer

4.  Spring

1.  primary producer

2.  secondary consumer

3.  tertiary consumers

1.  Pollution

2.  Soil erosion

4.  Urbanization

1.  Centre of complex food web

2.  Apex of food chain

3.  Bottom of food chain

1.  Bulbs

2.  Tubers

3.  Rhizomes

1.  Population

2.  Community

3.  Ecosystem